BMW 3 Series E30

since 1983-1994 release

Repair and operation of the car



BMW E30
+ 1. Maintenance instruction
+ 2. Maintenance
+ 3. Engine
+ 4. Cooling system
+ 5. Heating and ventilation
+ 6. Fuel system
+ 7. Exhaust system
+ 8. Transmissions
+ 9. Coupling
+ 10. Brake system
+ 11. Running gear
+ 12. Body
+ 13. Electric equipment
- 14. Useful tips
   14.2. The changed numbers
   14.3. Purchase of the old car or mysterious set of figures and letters
   14.4. Durability of the car
   14.5. About parallelism of bridges of the car and trailer
   14.6. Preparation of the car for winter
   14.7. Rule 35
   14.8. Choice of the used car
   14.9. Engine oils
   14:10. What needs to be known, changing oil
   14:11. Emergence in deposit oil
   14:12. Whether it is possible to mix import oils?
   14:13. "Eats" much, but quietly goes
   14:14. It is rather live, than is dead …
   14:15. It is not got - useful tips
   14:16. Visit to car service
   14:17. A gear belt for the gas distribution mechanism drive
   14:18. Wear of pistons
   14:19. Valves
   14:20. Bearings of engines
   14:21. Pollution of the engine
   14:22. As the conditioner works and what to do if it failed
   14:23. Conditioner: not only "pluses", but also "minuses"
   14:24. Rules of service of the conditioner
   14:25. Antifreeze you should not disturb with antifreeze …
   14:26. What should be known upon purchase of the air filter
   14:27. Engine overheat
   14:28. What should be known to the owner of the car with the injector engine
   14:29. Accumulator
   14:30. Possible malfunctions of the rechargeable battery
   14:31. What to do with the failed generator
   14:32. The belt is guilty, and we blame the generator
   14:33. Catalyst
   14:34. Rub in one - or how to save the catalyst
   14:35. Probuksovochka
   14:36. Features of operation of the brake system
   14:37. Malfunctions of the brake system
   14:38. Brake fluids
   14:39. ABS: natural choice
   14:40. Rims
   14:41. We update rims
   14:42. Scheme of marking of a car tire
   14:43. Metal corrosion
   14:44. Automake-up
   14:45. What creaks?
   14:46. Hatch
   14:47. Safety cushion: troubles or pleasures?
   14:48. We fit well?
   14:49. Anticreeping "immunodeficiency"
   14:50. Why headlights grow dull
   14:51. Galogenka
   14:52. About the correct adjustment of headlights
   14:53. Electric motor
   14:54. From change of the places "composed" nothing changes?


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14:19. Valves

GENERAL INFORMATION

Practical advice for professionals

It is possible to reanimate any "tired" car. But technical difficulties at the same time are big. Without spare parts, any machine park, welding and other technological support not to manage here. The main thing – factory instructions for repair (they are available now) tell nothing about possible alternative decisions, especially about choice problems among details, materials and tools which are in today's domestic market. Such is a circle of questions which both the loner enthusiast, and mechanics of "small service" lack for information. We also want it in process of opportunities to fill.

Sooner or later any engine becomes a source of troubles: becomes deaf in way, it does not want to be started in the mornings, pulls worse, "eats" excess fuel and oil. It is quite probable that the reason of his whimsical behavior is plain: it is enough to clean the carburetor, to adjust ignition and to replace oil scraper caps that everything entered norm. But happens that traditional approaches do not help it, and at measurements of a compression it becomes clear that in one or several cylinders it is lower admissible, – and the question becomes serious.

Then first of all specify the nature of malfunction: wear of tsilindro-piston group, podgoraniye of facets of valves or wear of cores and guides of plugs. Technology of diagnosing is rather simple and described in all grants on repair of engines.

Then decide on repair. Here it is only necessary to take itself for the rule: from any miracle liquids to be far away. The effect in principle is possible, but the usual result – excess expenses and efforts is reached seldom. It is better to be guided by the full-fledged repair procedure at once.

To find a workshop where engines treat, today it is not difficult any more, and not only in the large cities. But here is how work, what its quality is organized there? Life shows that at all importance of experience and qualification of employees good results without the special equipment and equipment are unattainable, and in this plan the dispersion of technical armament of our stations and mechanics, alas, is high. And if told above concerned generally the motorist operator, then the further statement is addressed not so much to it how many to the mechanic, it will be a question of technology.

In cases when results of diagnostic check indicate malfunction of the valvate mechanism, the head of the block should be removed. The first action after dismantle, dismantling and the general survey – assessment of gaps between cores of valves and their directing plugs. If they are higher than maximum permissible values, valves replace with new. But when this vague measure is insufficient, it is necessary to replace also plugs too.

For a small workshop such operation presents the known difficulties: pig-iron plugs press in the aluminum case with a tightness. At the same time to avoid microcracks and smyatiya, plugs should be cooled previously in liquid nitrogen (temperature – 196 °C), and to warm up the case to 160–170 °C (there can be harmful consequences above). All this is quite difficult, labor-consuming and is often simply non-reproducible in semi-handicraft conditions. Therefore in rare workshops do not deviate from the ordered conditions that directly develops into loss of quality of landing and distortion of geometry of knot. It is corrected then, processing "in the place" saddles of valves a vertical drill or a sharoshka, and valves long and tiresomely grind in.

But today there is also other technique, extremely profitable both on labor input, and on investment of capital which at the same time guarantees high-quality results. It is reached by use of the original and almost unknown tool of the American company Neway in our practice.

With its help restoration of worn-out guides of plugs is made on the place, without vypressovka! Special knives rollers cause plastic deformation of metal, compensating wear of an internal surface of the plug, at the same time forming in it a spiral fillet which improves valve core lubricant conditions, and also serves as a peculiar labyrinth consolidation, oblegachayushchy a task to oil scraper caps.

Five knives and a set of development for finishing processing of the plug are included in the package. It is characteristic that all operations with the Nyyuey tool are conducted manually and are not connected with power supply or other energy from the outside.

Now about saddles of valves. At traditional methods of their processing directing a sharoshka or a vertical drill freely rotates in the valve plug. Mills of "Nyyuey" have a motionless axis which is densely fixed already in the restored plug by self-established broad collet "pilot". The mill is put on an axis with a precision gap of 0,5 microns that provides the minimum admission of processing. Mills of "Nyyuey" due to unique sharpening and a form of the cutting edges form on a valve saddle surface a special microrelief like "comb": extra earnings of the valve and a saddle occurs quickly and effectively, and need for grinding in disappears. Their productivity is high: any facet on a saddle of the valve turns out for 3–4 turns of the tool.

The last stage – restoration of working facets of valves. For this operation Nyyuey offers the special Gizmatik-2 tool. The valve is not movably fixed in special adaptation which is installed, in turn, in table vises. There are enough several rotations of a mill (axial giving obespechivtsya by the microelevator) to receive the ideal concentric surface of the valve. Let's notice that on its working surface, as well as when processing a saddle, the special microrelief is also formed.

Here, actually, and all. It is necessary only to wash out and grease all details, and it is possible to collect a head.

And grinding in? Let's remind once again: during the work as the Nyyuey tool in this tiresome, long and tiresome operation there is no need. After processing of couple "valve saddle" interface of both details happens on very narrow corbel, practically on the line.

It is reached small (to one degree) by a divergence of angles of processing of working surfaces of a saddle and the valve (between them the so-called interferential corner is formed). In the first seconds of operation of the engine the area of interface increases for the account a smyatiya of superficial ledges of the created microrelief on facets, and then there is a necessary 100 percent consolidation.

At the cost of set of the equipment about 400 dollars (depending on a complete set) "Nyyuey" can pay off in the first month of work, and at repair of engines of foreign cars to bring in the noticeable income.